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State pensions are paid out of a compulsory tax you pay throughout your working life, known as National Insurance. If you do not pay enough National Insurance you do not get the state pension. Note, however, that this National Insurance does not go into an account that is left untouched until your retirement; it is added to the government coffers each year, like all other tax that you pay. That is why people refer to the state pension as a Ponzi scheme, which is where whoever owns the scheme generates returns for established investors through money paid by new investors. Your National Insurance is currently funding today's retirees' state pensions. If the government of 2050 decides to abolish state pensions just as I retire I will not be able to claim a refund on all that National Insurance I've already paid.